La evolución del ecosistema bursátil en los últimos 25 años

Autores/as

  • Ramón Adarraga Economista y ex Directivo de Bolsas e instituciones bursátiles Instituto Iberoamericano de Mercados de Valores
  • Joan Hortalà Arau Catedrático emérito de Teoría Económica de la Universidad de Barcelona
  • Damià Rey Miró Director del GVC Institute y profesor de Teoría Económica de la Universidad de Barcelona

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32826/reyf.v3i7.386

Palabras clave:

Mercados de valores, Innovación tecnológica, Globalización, Criptomonedas, Regulación financiera, Iberoamérica, Integración bursátil, MTFs, ECNs, Dark Pools

Resumen

En las últimas dos décadas y media, los mercados de valores han experimentado transformaciones profundas, impulsadas por la innovación tecnológica, los cambios normativos y la expansión de la globalización financiera. Este artículo describe la transición desde las bolsas de viva voz hacia plataformas de contratación electrónica, la creciente importancia de nuevos centros de negociación alternativos (ECNs, MTFs, Dark Pools), la irrupción de activos digitales como las criptomonedas y los retos regulatorios que presenta un entorno cada vez más complejo. La atención se centra en las dinámicas globales y, en particular, en el panorama iberoamericano, donde se han dado procesos de integración regional y movimientos corporativos destinados a mejorar la competitividad y la eficiencia de los mercados. Asimismo, se analizan los desafíos actuales y las posibles tendencias de futuro en un contexto de digitalización acelerada y volatilidad geopolítica creciente.

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Publicado

2025-07-19