Los planes de acción en la teoría de Ludwig Lachmann

Autores/as

  • Félix-Fernando Muñoz Departamento de Análisis Económico: Teoría Económica e Historia Económica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. 28049 Madrid (España)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32826/reyf.v1i1.340

Palabras clave:

Lachmann, planes de acción, intencionalidad, ecología de planes, sociedad caleidoscópica

Resumen

En este artículo desarrollamos el concepto de plan de acción, central en la obra de Lachmann. La acción humana es acción racional guiada por razones para actuar —lo que en sociedad implica comportamiento estratégico. Las estrategias son planes de acción que los individuos adoptan principalmente para alcanzar resultados o estados de cosas preferidos, teniendo en cuenta las expectativas referentes a las estrategias y cursos de acción de otros agentes. Los planes de acción dependen de las creencias, expectativas, teorías o visiones del mundo, valores, juicios éticos, etc. de cada agente en un lugar e instante preciso de tiempo; esto es, de su instalación subjetiva. Para Lachmann la subjetividad se refiere no únicamente a la dirección de las intenciones y los planes, sino también a las consecuencias no esperadas de la interacción humana—consecuencias que incluyen órdenes espontáneos. Partiendo de un marco analítico que integra intenciones, acciones, y el resultado económico de la interacción, la economía puede entenderse como una ecología de planes en la que fenómenos como la empresarialidad, conocimiento, innovación, estructuras de capital, etc. son propiedades emergentes. Este marco analítico no solo ilumina las conexiones de Lachmann con Shackle y Loasby, sino también la literatura sobre economía evolutiva, complejidad, ABM e Inteligencia Artificial. En este sentido, la contribución de Lachmann bien puede proyectarse en la teoría económica del siglo XXI.

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2023-02-10 — Actualizado el 2023-02-13

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